Kshetra Kshetrajna Vibhaga Yoga
क्षेत्र क्षेत्रज्ञ विभाग योग
पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान् । कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु॥ 13:21॥
पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थः हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृति-जान् गुणान्। कारणम् गुण-सङ्गः अस्य सत्-असत्-योनि-जन्मसु।।
प्रकृतिस्थः (प्रकृति में स्थित) हि (ही) पुरुषः (पुरुष) प्रकृति-जान् (प्रकृति से उत्पन्न) गुणान् (गुणों को) भुङ्क्ते (भोगता है)। गुण-सङ्गः (गुणों का संयोग) अस्य (इसका) सत्-असत्-योनि-जन्मसु (सत् और असत् योनियों में जन्मों का) कारणम् (कारण है)।
Hindi
प्रकृति (शरीर) में स्थित होकर निश्चय ही पुरुष (जीवात्मा-रूप में) प्रकृति से उत्पन्न त्रिगुणात्मक पदार्थों को भोगता है और {प्रकृति के} गुणों {सत्त्वगुण, रजोगुण, तमोगुण} की संगति ही इस जीवात्मा के अच्छी-बुरी योनियों में {बार-बार} जन्म लेने का कारण है।
English
Residing within the realm of Nature (the body), the Purusha becomes the consumer of the triadic materials produced by Nature, and its connectivity with the three Modes of Nature (SattvaGuna, RajoGuna, TamoGuna) becomes the determining factor for its reincarnation in various species, both good and bad. (13:21)
English
In this context, it is the pseudo-soul or pseudo-self, which is essentially a part of Nature, that undergoes rebirth to experience both pleasure and pain based on its past actions, whether they were virtuous or unvirtuous. However, due to the true Self—the soul—remaining attached to the pseudo-self because of Ignorance, it also transmigrates to a new body along with the pseudo-self, similar to how the space inside a container “moves” with the container. It’s essential to understand that the soul itself never directly experiences worldly pleasure or pain since it is not the doer of virtuous or unvirtuous deeds. However, due to Ignorance, the soul erroneously identifies with the experiences of pleasure and pain that the pseudo-self undergoes. This misidentification leads the soul to mistakenly believe that it is the one suffering, even though it is essentially beyond the realm of worldly actions and their consequences.